Question

You are required to investigate hypothyroidism – specifically, hypothyroidism that is caused by iodine deficiency.

• Describe the symptoms of hypothyroidism that is caused by iodine deficiency. (1 mark)
• Identify the changes in TSH and TRH secretion that you would expect to see in a patient with hypothyroidism due to iodine deficiency. (1 mark)
• Using your knowledge of thyroid hormone regulation, explain why you would see these changes in TSH and TRH secretion.

You should write no more than 250 words (in total) for this task.

Basophils are best described as cells that (______)  whilst macrophages are cell that (________)    

phagocytose pathogens

produce antibodies

prevent the entry of pathogens into the body

differentiate into plasma cells

secrete chemicals that enhance inflammation

enhance the activity of antibodies

produce complement proteins

suppress the inflammatory response

Please help by answering the questions, I will leave a good rating. For question 4, there are 2 spaces that need to be filled from the options tab. Many thanks :)

Answer 1

1) The symptoms of hypothyroidism caused by iodine deficiency include the following,

• Cold intolerance
• Weight gain
• Depressed mood
• Constipation
• Dry skin
• Low metabolic rate

2) As a consequence of decreased thyroid hormones, there will an increase in TSH and TRH as a result of feedback mechanism.

3) TSH is secreted by the anterior pituitary which stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormones. TRH is released by the hypothalamus that stimulates the anterior pituitary to release TSH. The levels of these substances are elevated as a result of feedback mechanism.