Glomerulonephritis: It is the inflammation of Glomerulus. Glomerulus is a capillary network (hence called glomerular capillaries) that aids in glomerular filtration. Glomerular filtration is the first step in urine formation where the water and most of the water soluble solute in the blood (except proteins and RBCs) such as glucose, amino acids, ions, creatinine, and uric acid are forcefully filtered into the Bowman capsule
Inflammation of this capillary network (Glomerulonephritis) dysfunction this filtration and allows proteins and RBC filter through this capillaries hence, causes hematuria (presence of RBCs in the urine) and proteinuria (presence of protein in the urine)
Two specific substance that found in urine during glomerulonephritis are RBCs and Proteins
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