Question

Discuss how the body reacts to large amounts of blood loss. Be sure to include how this Loss in volume is sensed and what chemicals are released to signal the compensatory mechanisms.

Answer 1

ANSWER :

The large amount of blood loss from the body would be compensated via following physiological mechanisms :-

1. The blood volume significantly decreased due to large amount of blood loss, lead to cause decreased arterial blood pressure, and altered blood gases, which stimulates the baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflex respectively, and result in cardiac stimulation, volume redistribution, and systemic vasoconstriction.

2. The excessive blood loss stimulates the major endocrine factors called renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), that further initiate secretion of aldosterone from adrenal cortex, and vassopresin from posterior pituitary gland to increase blood volume and vasoconstriction. In resonse to enhance cardiac stimulation, sympathetic division of ANS also stimulates the release of catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) from the adrenal medulla.