Question

what are the four major areas of the mammalian nephron(prior to the collecting ducts) and what major process takes place in each of them? what substances are involved in each area as well.

Answer 1

S. No.	Area	Process	Substances involved
1	Proximal tubule	Involved in reabsorption of fluids	Salt, water, glucose, amino acids
2	Loop of Henle	Involved in making urine concentrated	Sodium (ions)
3	Distal convoluted tubule	Involved in energy production (ATP) for active transport	Calcium (ion), phosphate (ion)
4	Collecting tubule	Involved in receiving the filtrate from parts of nephron	Sodium (ion), chlorise (ion)