Question

Develop your own examples for the type of fallacy:
1. Formal fallacies
a.
b.

Answer 1

Any error or mistake in reasoning is called as Fallacy.

Formal fallacy :- The pattern of mistake/error that appear in deductive argument of a certain specifiable form, it is a mistake in form of argument is called as formal fallacy.

Most of formal fallacies are errors of logic. The conclusion is not supported by premises.

Examples :-

(a)

Premise :- All black bears are Omnivorous.

Premise :- All raccoons are Omnivorous.

Conclusion :- All raccoons are black bears.

Both Bears and raccoons are subsets of Omnivorous. But these two subsets donot overlap so this makes the conclusion illogical.

(b)

Premise :- All dogs are Mammals.

Premise :- All cats are Mammals.

Conclusion :- All cats are dogs.

Both the dog and the cat are subset of mammals. But these two subsets donot overlap so this makes the conclusion illogical.