Question

Urinary System

♣ Kidneys Form _________________ (mix of water and solutes): water, bicarbonate ions, inorganic salts, hydrogen ions, urea, uric acid, and creatinine

♣ ______________________: Elimination of wastes and excess substances from the body

♣ ___________________ ________________ include carbon dioxide, water, heat, salts, and nitrogen-containing wastes

♣ What does the urinary System consist of: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and the urethra

♣ Kidneys Regulate the amount of ________________ and dissolved substances that are removed from and returned to the _____________________

♣ Substances not returned to the _________________ form urine

♣ ________________: Transport urine from kidneys to bladder

♣ ________________: Stores urine

♣ ________________: Transports urine from urinary bladder to outside the body

♣ What are the three regions of the kidneys?

♣ Nephrons are Microscopic functional units of the _______________

♣ Responsible for formation of _______________

♣ Nephron perform three functions: ♣ _______________ ________________

♣ _______________ ________________

♣ _______________ _________________

♣ Glomerular filtration:

♣ Occurs as _______________ ____________ forces water, ions, and other small molecules from the _____________ in the glomerulus to the space inside the glomerular capsule

♣ The concentration of the _____________ within the glomerular capsule is close to that of blood

♣ __________ ___________: Site of reabsorption and secretion

♣ Tubular Reabsorption:

♣ Removes ______________ materials from the filtrate as it passes through proximal convoluted tubule

♣ About 99% of filtrate is returned to the _________________

♣ Reabsorbed substances include ______________, essential ions, and glucose

♣ Tubular Secretion

♣ Removes ____________ and ___________ ___________ from blood

♣ _________________ urethral sphincter: Smooth muscle; involuntary

♣ _________________ urethral sphincter: Skeletal muscle; voluntary

♣ Urinary _____________________: Lack of voluntary control over urination

♣ Urinary ________________: Failure to expel urine from the bladder to a normal degree

♣ Healthy urine typically contains _____________ ______________ when properly collected

♣ How do Kidneys help regulate blood pH?

♣ __________________: Increases reabsorption of sodium by the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts, resulting in more water following sodium as it moves from filtrate to blood

♣ Released in response to ________________ ________________ monitored by juxtaglomerular apparatus

♣ ______________ _________________: Increases permeability to water of collecting ducts, resulting in more water moving from filtrate to blood

♣ ________________ _________________ _________________: Released from the right atrium of the heart in response to increased blood volume and pressure

♣ Kidneys have two homeostatic functions unrelated to the urinary system

♣ Release ____________________: Hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells in red bone marrow ♣ Transform _________________ into its active form

♣ ______________ ________________ _________________: Caused by presence of microorganisms in organs of the urinary system

♣ ___________ _______________: Decrease or complete cessation of glomerular filtration

♣ What are some of the causes?

♣ _______________: Using artificial devices (e.g., artificial kidney machine) to cleanse the blood

Answer 1

Kidney is the organ which eliminate the waste from the body so kidney forms urine which is a mix of water and solutes named as water, bicarbonate ions, inorganic salts, hydrogen ions, urea, uric acid and creatinine.

The process of Excretion a biological system in the body helps to eliminate the waste and excess substances in the body.

The type of Metabolic waste excretion include all the carbondioxide, water, heat, salts and nitrogen containing waste in the process of excretion.

The urinary system is consist of organs that helps to form the waste known as urine and has a passage to excrete it. The organs are named as kidney, ureter, urinary bladder and the urethra.

Kidneys regulate the amount of water content and dissolved substances that are removed from and returned into the body.