Question

For the following conditions, indicate how the change would affect GRF.

1. increase GFR    b. decrease GFR

37. increase in ANP [atrial natriuretic peptide]
38. relaxing the afferent arteriole while constricting the efferent arteriole
39. decreasing the size of the fenestrations

40. In terms of osmotic concentration, the filtrate entering the descending limb of the LOH is the same as the filtrate leaving the ascending limb of the LOH. The filtrate in these locations does differ in that:

1. There is more Na+ in the filtrate exiting the ascending limb of the LOH.
2. There is less Na+ in the filtrate entering the descending limb of the LOH.
3. There is less volume entering the descending limb of the LOH.
4. There is less volume exiting the ascending limb of the LOH.
5. The 2 are exactly the same; that is the whole purpose of the counter-current multiplier.

Answer 1