Question

Why is Streptococcus and Haemophilus species the repeat infectious organisms with regard to X-linked agammaglobulinemia

Why can’t IgG be given at a 16% solution? Explain in immunological terms (e.g. You can NOT just state that it acts like an immune complex-expand on this).

Answer 1

• Streptococcus, Hemophilus and Staphylococcus are encapsulated pyogenic organisms which are frequently opsonised by the antibodies and thus cause recurrent infections.
• IgG 16% marketed under the name Vivaglobin has been discontinued and is now distributed as a 20%solution called Hizentra. It has been known to cause adverse reactions in 25% of the cases. It also leads to activation of the complement system and the formation of igG aggregates. These aggregates further lead to renal failure. Thrombotic events were also one of the major reasons for its withdrawal.