Question

Discuss Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, tendonitis and tenosynovitis in terms of the anatomy and physiology of the hand and wrist and some of the biomechanical aspects of these wrist injuries.  Specifically, discuss the "Cumulative Tendon Strain Model" by Goldstein et al. (1981, 1991), the "Belt and Pulley Model" by Armstrong and Chaffin (1978, 1979), and the exposure model by Moore, Wells and Ranney (1991), as well as what you have learned about biomechanical modeling of the hand, in terms of the risk factors for upper extremity cumulative trauma disorders (CTD).  (15)

Answer 1

1) Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - It is entrapment of median nerve at wrist below flexor retinaculum.

This leads to pain, tingling, numbness over distribution of the median nerve

2. Tendonitis - It is inflammation of tendons. Caused pain and tenderness just out side the joint.

Tennis elbow, golfers elbow

3. Tenosynovitis - It is inflammation of tendon along with its sheath leading to pain, swelling and difficulty in moving joint.

E.g. De Quervain's tenosynovitis

Cumulative tendon strain model - It describes multiple factor responsible for tendon strai like Force ,tension and repetitive movement. The cumulative effect lead to strain.

Similar is also true for carple tunnel syndrome.