Question

1. Which of the following metabolic pathways is increased in muscle tissue during the absorptive state?

a. gluconeogenesis

b. protein synthesis

c. glycogenolysis

d. all

e. none

2. Which of the following metabolic pathways is increased in adipose tissue during the postabsorptive state?

a. gluconeogenesis

b. glycolysis

c. all

d. none

e. beta oxidation of long chain fatty acids

Answer 1

b) Protein synthesis

explanation: During absorptive state, blood glucose level increases that stimulate the pancreas to release insulin. Insulin increases the glucose absorption by the hepatocytes, adipose cells and muscle cells and converts excess glucose into glycogen by glycogensis.

Insulin also promotes the synthesis of protein in muscle.

2. E) beta oxidation of long chain fatty acids

explanation: During posabsorptive state, when blood glucose level falls, Glucagon is released from the pancreas. Glucagon acts upon the liver cells, where it inhibits the synthesis of glycogen and stimulates the breakdown of stored glycogen back into glucose. In the adipocytes, glucagon causes release of free fatty acid which is oxidized to yield ketonebodies and ATP.