Question

based on neurotransmitters, what is the synaptic basis of the disorder dysphonia?

Answer 1

Dysphonia is a neurological disorder affecting the voice muscles in the larynx.

When we speak, air from the lungs is pushed between two elastic structures—called vocal folds or vocal cords—with sufficient pressure to cause them to vibrate, producing voice .In spasmodic dysphonia, the muscles inside the vocal folds experience sudden involuntary movements—called spasms—which interfere with the ability of the folds to vibrate and produce voice.

Spasmodic dysphonia causes voice breaks and can give the voice a tight, strained quality.

The cause of dysphonia is unknown. dysphonia is thought to be caused by abnormal functioning in basal ganglia of the brain.it is believed that indirectly it involves in GABArgic transmission, i.e. neurotransmitters, aminobutyric acid (GABA) and dopamine. There is decreased D2/D3 receptor binding at rest and abnormal dopamine release.