Question

Which of the following indicates a good prognosis for a patient with HIV?

A. Low numbers of HIV virions & low numbers of CD4+ cells

B. Low numbers of HIV virions & high numbers of CD4+ cells

C. High numbers of HIV virions & low numbers of CD4+ cells

D. High numbers of HIV virions & high numbers of CD4+ cells

The name of the Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor responsible for causing toxic shock syndrome is ___________. This virulence factor is an ___________ that acts as a _____________.

A. Toxic shock syndrome toxin – 1 / exotoxin / superantigen

B. Toxic shock syndrome toxin – 1 / endotoxin / superantigen

C. Toxic shock syndrome toxin – 1 / cytolytic toxin / superantigen

Which virulence factor of Staphylococcus aureus destroys white blood cells (WBCs) causing pus formation?

A. Staphylokinase

B. Hyaluronidase

C. Coagulase

D. Leukocidin

The major difference between MRSA and other strains of Staphylococcus aureus is…

A. MRSA has more virulence factors than other strains of Staphylococcus aureus

B. MRSA has less virulence factors than other strains of Staphylococcus aureus

C. The strains are exactly the same yet MRSA is resistant to methicillin and other Staphylococcus aureus strains are not

Answer 1

1. Option B

In HIV patients, low number of HIV virions and high number of CD4 counts are better prognostic indicators. Less virions means less infection and more CD4 cells helps in better cell mediated immunity.

2. Option A

Toxic shock syndrome is caused by the staphylococcus exotoxin and it causes the crosslinking of MHC receptors with the T cell receptors leading to release of massive amounts of inflammatory meditators cause shock

3. Option D

Leukocidins of the staphylococcus are toxic to the polymorphs and are involved in the formation of pus

Coagulase will cause clot around the infected focus

4. Option C

Both MRSA and staphylococcus are same and as the name suggests MRSA is Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus Areus is resistance to this antibiotic.

Hope this helps... Thank you!!!