Question

1. Tendons and ligaments are similar because they both have:

1. a limited blood supply and low metabolism
2. an abundant blood supply and low metabolism
3. a limited blood supply and high metabolism
4. an abundant blood supply and high metabolism

2. What is the name of the outer layer of connective tissue on skeletal muscle?

1. perimysium
2. epimysium
3. endomysium
4. intermediate fascia

3. The functional units of skeletal muscle that allow it shorten are:

1. tendons
2. fascicles
3. sarcomeres
4. perimysium

4. In terms of muscle actions at the knee joint, the quadriceps and hamstrings are:

1. agonists
2. antagonists
3. synergists
4. none of the above

5. Skeletal muscle shortens when:

1. actin and myosin bind and slide past each other
2. it receives a signal from the brain
3. actin and myosin detach from each other
4. none of the above

6. A muscular force-couple occurs when:

1. actin and myosin bind and slide past each other
2. two or more muscles concurrently produce force in the same direction to produce one movement
3. actin and myosin detach from each other
4. two or more muscles concurrently produce force in different directions to produce one movement

7. When lifting the arm overhead, impingement of the subacromial space is avoided when:

1. synergistic actions occur between the pectorals and supraspinatus
2. a muscular force-couple occurs between the deltoid and supraspinatus
3. synergistic actions occur between the lats and deltoid
4. a muscular force-couple occurs between the deltoid and subscapularis

8. During a squat, your client's knees buckle inward as she ascends. This problem is most likely due to:

1. weakness of the hip adductors and external rotators
2. weakness of the hip flexors
3. weakness of the hip adductors and internal rotators
4. weakness of the hip abductors and external rotators

9. After a workout, your client mentions that he feels a deep, nervy pain in his shoulder that radiates down to his hand. You first course of action should be to:

1. explain that it's normal and no cause for concern
2. tell him to get cleared from a physician or physical therapist before your next workout
3. stretch his shoulder and see if it alleviates the pain
4. make a note in your training log to decrease the training loads for the next workout

10. Your new client mentions that he has left shoulder pain when pressing a 50-pound dumbbell overhead. During your initial movement assessment, what is the most acceptable first step?

1. Have him grab a 50-pound dumbbell and demonstrate the movement
2. Have him grab a 30-pound dumbbell and demonstrate the movement
3. Instruct him to mimic the left shoulder movement without any weight in hand
4. Have him squeeze a ball between his elbows

11. When a client with right shoulder pain has been cleared to exercise, which of the following steps comes earliest in the corrective exercise process?

1. Perform corrective exercises for the shoulder
2. Assess whether or not the client can perform diaphragmatic breathing
3. Show the client how to perform self-stretches for the shoulder
4. Perform corrective exercises for the neck

12. Your client, Steve, who you haven't trained in 6 weeks calls to schedule a session with you. During the call he mentions that he's been losing weight without a change to his diet, he's been having night sweats, and recently had a fever. You should:

1. schedule a workout with him for your next available time
2. tell him to get cleared from his physician before scheduling a workout with you
3. tell him to take aspirin and rest
4. ask him to call back tomorrow if he's feeling better

13. The purpose(s) of diaphragmatic breathing is to help your client:

1. achieve a state of low stress and improve ribcage alignment
2. help your client initiate the fight-or-flight response to improve strength
3. better activate the neck and chest muscles during breathing
4. achieve a state of high stress and improve ribcage alignment

14. What is one primary difference between an upper motor neuron and a lower motor neuron?

1. An upper motor neuron exits the spinal cord
2. All upper motor neurons are closer to the brain
3. An upper motor neuron is covered in myelin
4. An upper motor neuron does not exit the spinal cord

15. Your new client, John, has 3/10 right shoulder pain at rest. Last week he was cleared to exercise by his physician. After you take him through the first set of a shoulder corrective exercise, he tells you the right shoulder pain has increased to 6/10. What is the next recommended step?

1. Perform another set of the same corrective exercise and see if it helps
2. Refer him back to his physician
3. Move on to the next corrective exercise and see if it helps since he's been recently cleared to exercise
4. Have him immediately stretch his pectoral muscles

16. Your client, Sarah, was cleared to exercise 6 weeks ago. She shows up to a workout with you today and you notice that she's limping. She mentions that she twisted her knee playing soccer over the weekend but was hoping your corrective exercises could help her. You should:

1. have her perform a monster walk with a band and see if it reduces her knee pain
2. decrease her training loads by 50%
3. avoid any leg exercises that day and tell her to see a physical therapist in the future
4. explain that she needs to get cleared by a physical therapist before doing any exercises with you

17. Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system?

1. Store calcium and minerals
2. Provide interconnectedness throughout the body
3. Protect organs
4. Produce blood from bone marrow

18. Your client, Ryan, starting jogging recently and he informs you that his right IT band has been feeling stiff. He also mentions that his right knee tends to buckle inward when climbing stairs. Which corrective exercise is likely to decrease his IT band stiffness and reduce inward buckling of the right knee?

1. Lateral step with a mini band
2. Foam roll for the quadriceps/IT band area
3. Goblet squat with a pen/marker against each arch
4. Goblet reverse lunge

19. The two primary roles of fascia are to:

1. Provide separation between joints, and enhance proprioception
2. Provide interconnectedness throughout the body, and decrease proprioception
3. Provide separation between muscle groups, and enhance proprioception
4. Provide interconnectedness throughout the body, and enhance proprioception

20. Which fascial line travels from the bottom of the feet, up through the hamstrings, spine and posterior skull, and attaches at the forehead?

1. Deep front line
2. Superficial back line
3. Lateral line
4. Spiral line

21. A concentric muscle action occurs when:

1. the pulling force of a muscle is greater than the resistance force
2. the pulling force of a muscle is less than the resistance force
3. the pulling force of a muscle is equal to the resistance force
4. the pulling force of a muscle is greater than the force of gravity

22. For what primary reason is the gluteus maximus the strongest muscle in the human body?

1. It has the most lower motor neurons
2. It is the largest muscle
3. It extends the hip
4. It has no reflex actions

23. Considering the 180° of shoulder abduction required to reach overhead, how many degrees comes from the scapulothoracic region?

1. 120°
2. 60°
3. 90°
4. 30°

24. The human body loses its balance when what happens?

1. The base of support is not directly over the center of mass.
2. The base of support is narrow
3. The center of mass falls outside of its base of support
4. When a load is held outside of the base of support

25. When a client has poor motor control it increases his/her risk of joint pain and injury because of what two reasons?

1. Poor motor control puts less stress on the muscles and joints
2. Poor motor control impairs the smoothness and accuracy of movement
3. Poor motor control increases the speed and timing of movement
4. Poor motor control puts more stress on the muscles and joints

26. Which system contains structures and neurons that connect receptors within the skin, muscles, and joints to the cerebellum?

1. Somatosensory system
2. Visual system
3. Vestibular system
4. Balance system

27. After months of practicing a movement, an athlete is able to "automatically" produce that movement very quickly. This is due to the development of:

1. Closed-loop motor control
2. Neuroplasticity
3. Open-loop motor control
4. Sensory feedback

28. The process that underlies all motor learning is known as:

1. Neuroplasticity
2. Long-term potentiation
3. Open-loop motor control
4. Reflex actions

29. Which brain structure is primarily responsible for correcting movement while it's occurring?

1. Cerebral cortex
2. Motor cortex
3. Cerebellum
4. Brainstem

Answer 1

Q1)a limited blood supply and low metabolism

Q2) epimysium

Q3) sarcomeres

it is the smallest functional unit of a muscle.

Q4) antagonists

Muscle having opposite action on a joint are known as antagonist muscles.

Q5) actin and myosin bind and slide past each other.

According to sliding filament theory, actin and myosin bind to each other and bring about shortening of the sarcomere.

Q6) two or more muscles concurrently produce force in the same direction to produce one movement

Q7) a muscular force-couple occurs between the deltoid and subscapularis

Q8) weakness of the hip abductors and external rotators.