Question

1. An irritant entering the lung would cause a person to ___ their rate of respiration

A. increase the rate until clearance

B. Decrease the rate until clearance

C Nothing would change

D. The increase or decrease would depend on the size of the irritant

2. Which of the choice below does not describe the important of tubular secretion?

A. disposing of substances not already in the filtrate, such as certain drugs

B. eliminating undesirable substance such as urea and uric acid that have been reabsorbed by passive processes.

C. ridding the body of bicarbonate ions

D. ridding the body of excessive potassium ions

3. Glomerular capillaries are characterized by all the following expect

A. blood under relatively high pressure from afferent arterioles

B. An endothelium with an unusually thin basement membrane

C. A fenestrated endothelium that allows materials to be filtered

D. An epithelial covering of podocytes with feet and filtration slits

4. The area of the bladder where the ureters enter in and where urine collects is called.

a. ureters

b. detrusors

c. mucosa

d. rugae

5. the filtration membrane consists of all except

a. the fenestrated capillary wall

b. the podocyte foot processes

c. the macula dense cell membrane

d. the basal membrane

6. during mictrution signals are sent to which are of the brain to being the voiding process?

a. cerebellum

b. medulla

c. pons

d. midbrain

7. the GFR is influenced the most by:

a. the glomerular blood pressure

b. the systemic blood pressure

c. the net filtrations pressure

d. the capsular pressure

8. the pressure exerted on filtrated formation by the attraction of water by proteins in the plasma is called:

a. glomerular capsule pressure

b. colloidal pressure

c. capsular hydrostatic pressure

d. all of the above.

9. digitalis is a potent drug increases cardiac output resulting in increased blood flow and filtrate formation in the kidney. Based on that statement, which of the following would be correct?

a. patients taking digitals would excrete less urine

b. patients taking digitalis would excrete concentrated urine

c. patients taking digitalis would excrete dilute urine

d. patients taking digitalis would excrete urine containing high levels of electrolytes.

10. the concentration gradient caused by the NAK ATPase pump in the tubule cell creates a sodium concentration gradient from the lumen (high) to the cytoplasm (low). this drives sodium and what other solute into the tubule cell?

a. potassium

b. calcium

c. glucose

d. amino acids

Answer 1

1) An irritant entering the lung would cause ---d) Increase or decrease depends on the size of the irritant . Asthma,copd,pneumonia will leads to increase the respiration rate whereas any kind of heart disease ,if heart dosnt pump properly to get oxygen to the organs the body may react by breating faster.If there will be lack of oxygen then rate of respiration may gets lower,but if an irritant enters the lungs then it wont effect much and there wont be any change in rate of respiration.

2) A-disposing of substances not already in the filtrate,such as certain drugs.

3) B

4) B- Detrusors

5) C- the macula dense cell membrane

6) C-Pons

7) A-Glomerular blood filtrate

8) B-colloidal pressure

9) D

10) A- Potassium