Question

1. How does the metabolism of glutamine by the tubular cells contribute new bicarbonate to the blood and ammonium to the urine?

Answer 1

• During metabolic acidosis, the kidney becomes the major site of glutamine extraction and catabolism.
• This process generates ammonium ions that are excreted in the urine to facilitate the excretion of acids and bicarbonate ions that are transported to the blood to partially compensate the acidosis.

from peritubular capillary carbon dioxide ( C02) enter into tubular cell ..

in tubular cell co2 and water( H20) and glutamine gives ammonia and glutamate....and another side it also gives H2CO3 .

this H2CO3 divides into H+ ion and HCO3- .. a new bicarbonate (HCO3-) is enter into peritubularcapillary ..H+ ion enter into tubular lumen .

from tubular cell NH3+ and tubular lumen of hydrogen molecule gives NH4 + ( ammonia) ....this ammonia eliminated in urine.