1- All of the following molecules can serve as hormones EXCEPT:
a. Water
b. Peptides
c. Steroids
d. Gases
e. Vitamins
2- Which of the following statements about G proteins is FALSE?
a. G proteins are heterotrimers
b. G proteins bind GTP and GDP
c. G proteins are transmembrane proteins
d. G proteins can activate downstream enzymes
e. There are different versions of alpha subunits
3- After cyclic AMP is generated, what is usually the next step in signal transduction?
a. cAMP activates adenylyl cyclase
b. cAMP binds G proteins and activates the alpha subunit
c. cAMP binds CREB and activates transcription
d. cAMP binds protein kinase A and releases the catalytic subunits
e. cAMP removes phosphate groups off target enzymes
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