Question

In a sentence or two each, explain how each of the structural adaptations would improve stroke volume. Hint: stroke volume is related to EDV (filling), ESV (contractility), AND Frank-Starling mechanism. Also keep in mind the concept of pre-load and after-load. Therefore, explain how the structure could affect some or all of those components.

Increased LV internal diameter

Increased LV mass

Increased LV wall-thickness

Increased Atrial thickness

Increased aortic compliance

Increased plasma volume

Increased muscle capillary volume

Answer 1

• Increase in left ventricle diameter will lead to increase in the end diastolic and systolic volume. This will cause an increase in the stroke volume
• When left ventricle mass increase then it will reduce the amount of stroke volume as it is causing hypertrophy.
• Increase left ventricle wall thickness will cause decrease in stroke volume as the diameter reduces
• Increased atrial thickness when atrial thickness increse stroke volume decrease due to increased in afterload.
• Increase aortic compliance will increase stroke volume as it will cause a decrease in afterload. More blood can come in
• Increase plasma volume - according to Frank - Starlin law when increase in preload will cause increase in stroke volume
• Increase muscle Capillary volume when muscle Capillary volume incres stroke volume decres due to reduce return