Question

In adults, interstitial cells:

produce the anti-Müllerian hormone (ADH) that initiates the development of male structures from the bipotential gonad

produce testosterone

regulate development of sperm and provide nourishment for spermatogonia

Answer 1

Answer : "produce testosterone".

• Human Testes is the male gonad, consisting of about 250 testicular lobules. Within each lobule, there are 2-3 highly coiled seminiferous tubules.
• Interstitial cells are the cells found in interstitial space between seminiferous tubules of testes. These cells produce testosterone, a male sex hormone. The hormone is required for production of sperms (spermatogenesis). Therefore, 2nd option is correct.
• Within the seminiferous tubules, there are two types of cells, namely spermatogonial cells and sertoli cells. The spermatogonial cells undergo spermatogenesis to produce sperms. The sertoli cells nourish the spermatogonia as well as the sperms (related to 3rd option) , before they get transported outside the testes.
• In the fetal stage, the undifferentiated gonad is capable of becoming a male gonad or a female gonad.
• If a male reproductive system has to be formed, the sertoli cells produce a hormone named anti- mullerian hormone (AMH). The hormone prevents formation of mullerian ducts. In the absence of the hormone, the mullerian ducts will develop into uterus, fallopian tubes etc (related to 1st option). This hormone facilitates development of wolffian duct. The wolffian duct later develops into male reproductive tracts.