Consider the following eigenvalue problem x 2φxx + xφx + λφ = 0, 1 < x < 3, φ(1) = 0, φ(3) = 0, where λ is the eigenvalue and φ(x) is the eigenfunction.
(a) Write the eigenvalue problem in standard Sturm-Liouville form (p(x)φ 0 ) 0 + q(x)φ + λσ(x)φ = 0.
(b) Show that λ ≥ 0.
(c) Use the Rayleigh quotient to obtain an upper bound for the lowest eigenvalue of the eigenvalue problem. Justify your choice of the trial function but you do not need to evaluate the integrals
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