Grand-cola spends $3 on direct materials, direct labor, and variable manufacturing overhead for every unit (12-pack of soda) it produces. Fixed manufacturing overhead costs
$3million per year. The plant, which is currently operating at only 80 %
of capacity, produced 15 million units this year. Management plans to operate closer to full capacity next year, producing 25
million units. Management doesn't anticipate any changes in the prices it pays for materials, labor, and manufacturing overhead.
1. |
What is the current total product cost (for the 15 million units), including fixed and variable costs? |
2. |
What is the current average product cost per unit? |
3. |
What is the current fixed cost per unit? |
4. |
What is the forecasted total product cost next year (for the25 million units), including fixed and variable costs? |
5. |
What is the forecasted average product cost next year? |
6. |
What is the forecasted fixed cost per unit? |
7. |
Why does the average product cost decrease as production increases? |
SOLUTION
1. Total product costs = Total fixed costs + Total Variable costs
= $3 + ($3 * 15 )
= $3 + $45 = $48
2. Current Average product cost per unit = Total Product Costs / Current years produced units
= $48 / 15 = $3.2
3. Current fixed cost per unit = Total fixed costs / Current years produced units
= $3 / 15 = $0.20
4. Total product costs = Total fixed costs + Total Variable costs
= $3 + ($3 * 25 )
= $3 + $75 = $78
5. Forecasted average product cost per unit = Forecasted total product costs / Next year's forecasted units
= $78 / 25 = $3.12
6. Forecasted fixed cost per unit = Total fixed costs / Next year's forecasted units
= $3 / 25 = $0.12
7. The average product cost decreases as production volume increases because the company is spreading the fixed costs over 10 million more units. The company will be operating more efficiently, so the average cost of making each unit decreases.
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