Question

You have just been hired as a new management trainee by Earrings Unlimited, a distributor of earrings to various retail outlets located in shopping malls across the country. In the past, the company has done very little in the way of budgeting and at certain times of the year has experienced a shortage of cash. Since you are well trained in budgeting, you have decided to prepare a master budget for the upcoming second quarter. To this end, you have worked with accounting and other areas to gather the information assembled below.

The company sells many styles of earrings, but all are sold for the same price—$11 per pair. Actual sales of earrings for the last three months and budgeted sales for the next six months follow (in pairs of earrings):

January (actual)	20,200	June (budget)	50,200
February (actual)	26,200	July (budget)	30,200
March (actual)	40,200	August (budget)	28,200
April (budget)	65,200	September (budget)	25,200
May (budget)	100,200

The concentration of sales before and during May is due to Mother’s Day. Sufficient inventory should be on hand at the end of each month to supply 40% of the earrings sold in the following month.

Suppliers are paid $4.10 for a pair of earrings. One-half of a month’s purchases is paid for in the month of purchase; the other half is paid for in the following month. All sales are on credit. Only 20% of a month’s sales are collected in the month of sale. An additional 70% is collected in the following month, and the remaining 10% is collected in the second month following sale. Bad debts have been negligible.

Monthly operating expenses for the company are given below:

Variable:
Sales commissions		4	% of sales
Fixed:
Advertising	$	210,000
Rent	$	19,000
Salaries	$	108,000
Utilities	$	7,500
Insurance	$	3,100
Depreciation	$	15,000

Insurance is paid on an annual basis, in November of each year.

The company plans to purchase $16,500 in new equipment during May and $41,000 in new equipment during June; both purchases will be for cash. The company declares dividends of $15,750 each quarter, payable in the first month of the following quarter.

The company’s balance sheet as of March 31 is given below:

Assets
Cash	$	75,000
Accounts receivable ($28,820 February sales; $353,760 March sales)		382,580
Inventory		106,928
Prepaid insurance		21,500
Property and equipment (net)		960,000
Total assets	$	1,546,008
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Accounts payable	$	101,000
Dividends payable		15,750
Common stock		820,000
Retained earnings		609,258
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,546,008

The company maintains a minimum cash balance of $51,000. All borrowing is done at the beginning of a month; any repayments are made at the end of a month.

The company has an agreement with a bank that allows the company to borrow in increments of $1,000 at the beginning of each month. The interest rate on these loans is 1% per month and for simplicity we will assume that interest is not compounded. At the end of the quarter, the company would pay the bank all of the accumulated interest on the loan and as much of the loan as possible (in increments of $1,000), while still retaining at least $51,000 in cash.

Required:

Prepare a master budget for the three-month period ending June 30. Include the following detailed schedules:

2. A cash budget. Show the budget by month and in total. Determine any borrowing that would be needed to maintain the minimum cash balance of $51,000.

Earrings Unlimited
Cash Budget
For the Three Months Ending June 30
	April	May	June	Quarter
Beginning cash balance
Add collections from customers
Total cash available	0	0	0	0
Less cash disbursements:
Merchandise purchases				0
Advertising				0
Rent				0
Salaries				0
Commissions				0
Utilities				0
Equipment purchases				0
Dividends paid				0
Total cash disbursements	0	0	0	0
Excess (deficiency) of cash available over disbursements	0	0	0	0
Financing:
Borrowings				0
Repayments				0
Interest				0
Total financing	0	0	0	0
Ending cash balance	$0	$0	$0	$0

3. A budgeted income statement for the three-month period ending June 30. Use the contribution approach.

Earrings Unlimited
Budgeted Income Statement
For the Three Months Ended June 30
Variable expenses:
		0
		0
Fixed expenses:
		0
		0
		0

4. A budgeted balance sheet as of June 30.

Earrings Unlimited
Budgeted Balance Sheet
June 30
Assets
Total assets	$0
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$0

Answer 1

Answer 1.

Answer 2.

Answer 3.

Answer 4.