Advance Rent
It is the full/partial payment of rent by a tenant for a future period of time. Collecting advance rent can also be a hedge against renting to high-risk tenants.
Advance rent is considered taxable income in the year you receive it from tenants.
Hence, the $20,000 of rental income received is taxable in 2019.
Security Deposits
Rental agreements almost always require tenants to provide a security deposit. Therefore, $28,000 ($48,000-$20,000) can be considered to be the security deposit in this case and unlike advance rent, a security deposit isn't taxable when you receive it. Instead, iit is only taxable when yoa're no longer obligated to return it to the tenant.
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