Question

1. Why was ARPANET designed with many different alternative routes for network traffic?

2. Describe the relationship between national backbone providers, regional ISPs, and local ISPs.

Answer 1

Ans 1 : ARPANET was designed during the height of the Cold War with the USSR and there were many fears of nuclear attack. A design with many alternative routes could still operate if a nuclear attack destroyed one or more of those routes.

Ans 2 : Backbone providers make up the main trunk-lines of the Internet. They are made up of high capacity , high speed lines. Regional Internet Service Providers (ISP) connect to the backbone providers with lines with less speed and capacity than backbone providers. The local ISPS then connect to the regional ISPs and these local ISPs provide Internet connect to local customers.