Provide some examples of items that would be adjusted directly against equity, rather than being included as part of profit or loss. (10 marks, maximum 650 words)
Items that would be adjusted directly against equity:-
1.) Cost of share repurchased as Treasury shares at cost is deducted from equity.
2.) Any stock ( Common & Preferred ) issued at value more than the par, the excess of paid in capital over par value is added to Equity.
3.) Dividend paid being not reported on profit & loss is adjusted with retained earnings which utlimately adjusted with equity.
4.) When treasury stocks are sold more than cost , then excess amount received is credited to paid in capital in excess par-treasury stock which will be added to Equity.
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